Apparatus for generating illuminating-gas



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Ina/67710 re.

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. D. AVERBLL.

Patnted Au 25, 1885.

R. BOEKLEN &u J

N, PETERs, Phoo-Limo m hm, Washington. D. c.

(No Model.)

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ILLUMINATING GAS.

747261 esse& I

. 2 Sheets-Shet 2. R. BOEKLEN &u J. D. AVERELL.

APPARATUS POR GENEBATING ILLUMINATING GAS.

(No Model.)

Patented Aug. 25, 18:85.

In mn ar. 22; 4

tmiren STATES PArnNr rricn,

REINHOLD BOEKLEN AND JOHN D. AVERELL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING LLUMINATING-GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 324,809, dated August 25 1885. i

Application filed October-29, 1884.

To all whom it may concerm Be it known that we, REINHOL'D BOEKLEN and J OIIN D. `AVERELL, both citizens of the United States of America, and residents of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of N ew York, have invented a new and useful improvement in Apparatus for Generating Illuminating-Gas, ol" which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for generating illuminatinggas by the successive Operations of superheating and decomposng steam, vaporizing oil, or producing oil-gas in one or more chanbers separate froni the fuel, miXing the water-gas resulting from the decomposed steam with the oil gas and vapor, and subject-ing them to contact with heated material in the miXing and fixing chamber, all in one structure; and the invention consists in novel features of construction and in certain coinbinations of parts, hereinafter described, and particularly pointed ont .in the clains.

WVe provide the generating furnace or cupola with vertical nwardly-projecting steamsuperheaters conposed of fire-tile and inclosed steam-pipes, the latter eonnecting at their .lower ends with inclined steamnozzles projected inwardly and upwardly, and'having at their outer ends drip-pipes, sight-eocks, and clearing and inspection tubes. Te also construct in the upper part of the generator, in contact With the side Walls thereof, inwardlyprojecting oil-gasgenerating chambers having tile shelves, oil-supply nozzles, and passages connecting with the fuel-chamber and with the mixingchamber of the cupola, whereby the oil-gas for earbureting or enriching the watergas is generated without. subjecting the oil to contact with the fuel, thus avoiding waste and loss of oil so often caused by its Conversion into lamp-blaek. We also construct a mixing and fixing ehamber eXtending across the top of the cupola, having a perforated bottom connccting with the fuel and steam-deeomposing chamber and with the oil-gas-generating chambers, and having a filling ot' line and a gas-ontlet pipc.

In the drawngs hereto annexed, Figure l represents a vertical central section of the cupola or gas-gcnerator constructed accord- (No model.)

ing to our invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same, taken at its top miXingchamber. Fig. 3 is a similar section of the same, taken below said chamber above the cold space of the cupola. Fig. 4 is a detached vertical lateral section of one of the oil-gasgenerating chambers.

The lower end of this cupola is built with a cylindrical and flanged castash-pit case, A, having a cast bottom bolted to its bottom flange. To its top outward flange is jointed and bolted the bottom flange of the cupola-shell B, and it has on this top also an inward flange to support the trunnions of its grate C', and to support the lining ofthe interier of the shell. The ash-pit is also lined with fire-brick, and has the sealed door D for removing the ashes, and has attached the blast-pipe E, provided with air-valve F for stopping the blast. The top end of the shell B has a fiange, to which is jointed and bolted the cupola metal top plate or cover, G. Through the top and cover G is provided the coal-iniet H and also the gas-outlet I. Over the grate is arranged a suitable coal-space, J, and above it is a space, K, for fixing the water-gas. The top is buiit with a large mixing-chamber, L, formed of fire brick and tile. Along the lining of the cupola are arranged several alternately-distributed vertical steam-superheaters, M, and Vertical oilgas-generating chambers N, of semicircular form, built of fire-tile and protruding from the lining.

O represents the ol-suppl y pi pe, from which the oil is distributed to the several oil-gas chainbers N, and is in each introduced bythe oil nipples or nozzles P P.

Q reprcsents the steam-supply pipe, from which the steam is distributed to the several steamsuperheaters by the branch pipcs lt, and is injected into the coal-space and fire by means of the steam nipples or nozzles S S.

From the water-gas chamber K are several openings T into the chamber L, and the bottom portions of the chambers N have also openings T', for passing the water-gas into the chambers N. The nozzles S S and their lining protrude considerably into the coalspace J, to cause the steain to impregnate the coal and not to pass along the cupola-lining,

The superheatcrs are constructed each With IOO a strong vertical stean-pipe, a, which is con nected at its top end with the branch pipe R by a horizontal pipe, b, passing through a stuffing-box on the shell of the cupola. Each branch pipe R is furnished with a stop-valve,c, to regulate the supply.' The bottom end of the pipe a connects with the lateral steam-nozzle S, which has ashort end, d, projecting into the opening in the tile to the coal-space, and has a long end, e, passing out through a stuffing-boX attached to the shell of the cupola, and has attached a small drip-pipe, f, with a drip-valve, g, and on its extreme end is furnished a sight-co ck, h.

To carry the condensation of the steam out from the cupola, the nipples S are inclined downward and outward toward their drippipesf. By opening the sight-cock h the heat of the fire is readily inspected in blowing up the fire, and by inserting a rod through the nozzle and said cock the steam passage is readily opened and cleared from cinders. The top of the pipe a has a plug extending through the top plate to withdraw said pipe a for repairs. Said top plate is furnished with the cap to cover the pipe a. The chanbers N connect at their top ends with the nixingchanber L, and they are made with lateral alternate projecting shelves N', to form a zigzag passage and cause the oil-vapor to rub the incandescent tile surfaces, and thereby effect the proper fixing of the oil-gas. Each oil-nozzle P has a cock, j, to regulate its oil supply, and has, similar to the nozzles S S, a plug-cock, k, in line with its opening, for passing the cleaning-rod through the nipple and clearing the same' from soot or other obstructions, and also for inspection of theheat in the.

chamber N. The bottom end of each chamber Nis provided with asmall sealed man-bole, h", to provide for cleaning said chamber from ashes.

The chamber L is furnished with lime for purifying the gas. Over the gas-outlet I is provided the T- pipe V, from which the gas is conducted by the pipe V to the gas-main or wash-box. Said T- pipe V has a hinged cover or seal, XV, provided with a 1ever-arm, l, on the outer end of which is suspended the pullrod m, for Operating said cover from the cupola-floor. The coal-inlet H is furni'shed with a mouth-piece, Y, and also with a hinged cover or seal, Z, having a lever-arm, n. A secondary two-armed lever, 0, is employed in a standard, 1), attached to the top plate, G,

for Operating the cover F, for which purpose the arm n is connected with the short arm q of the lever 0. The long arm, r, of the lever o has suspended to it the pull-rod s, for Operating and raising the cover F after the gas is generated and delivered, and before the air-blast is started into the cupola. The joint-s of both covers F and W have a peculiar novel construction to provide for tight, reliable, and quick opening and closing of them at the cupola-floor, to avoid the loss of gas and danger of explosion during the generation of the gas, and to prevent the operatives from burning themselves. Said joints are made conical with the convex portion forned on the cover, and provided with an annular groove, t, containing asbestus packing, and the seats for the covers are properly turned concave to conform to the covers. A secondary seal is provided for each cover by an annular groove, u, formed around the seat, and containing sand, and by an exterior rim, v, formed on the cover to dip into and be sealed by the sand. The usual Construction of said covers with ground joints frequently fails to be tight on account of their change by the heat. The grate C is constructed of several sections, C' G G together cover-ing the circular space of the ash-pit. They are made in sections for the purpose of more readily Operating, and to permit the replacement of either of them and passing it through the doorD. Each section has the usual lateral grate-bars, which aresecured by a rim at their ends, and each end is furnished with a central trunnion, w, on which the section is turned for dumping the grate. For each trunnion is provided a bearing-box attached to the inner flange of the base A, and for each sectional grate is located below it a lateral shaft, x, which has one or nore cranks, y, upon it, and its gratesection has suitable lugs, with which said cranks are connected by the links z. Said shafts m have each one end supported in a suitable hearing attached to the inner side of the case A. The opposite end of each shaft protrudes through the side of the base A and passes through a stuffing-box attached to the base, and the extreme end of the shaft is furnished with a lever or wrench suitable for vibrating or turning the shaft, and thereby shaking or dunping the relative grate-section.

All steam-supply pipes are furnished with pipes and valves for discharging all steamcondensation.

IOO

IIC

To generate the gas,the cupola is filled with coal nearly two-thirds of its space from the grate to its interier top, and the coal is made incandescent, and the fire raised to a high heat by assistance of the blast. The drips and valves g are allowed to exhaust all steamcondensation. After the superheaters M and chambers N are properly heated, the covers Z and W are dropped, and thereby the cupola is closed. The steam and oil supply valves are now opened. The highly-heated stean passes from the nipples S S into the coal, which decomposes the san1e,and the hydrogen, making rapidly, rises and becomes fixed in the space K, from which it enters through the openings T into the mixing-chambe' L; at the same time the oil passing through the oil-nipples P P, entering the chambers N, at once Vaporizes, and in contact with the incandescent sides of the chambers and the shelves N' soon becomes fixed oil-gas, which rises into the chamber L and becomes mixed with the hydrogen gas, and both pass off through the gas-outlet I. The topplate, G,

has a man-hole properly furnished with the yoke and clamp-screw for ready opening to renew the lime in the chanber L whenever required.

hat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a gas-generator, the coalehamber J, having grate G, and the chanber L, in combination with the vertical projecting steamsuperheaters M, the connected protruding steam-nozzles in clined inwardl y and upwardly, and the drip-pipes f, connected with their outer ends, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In combination with the water-gas generator having steam-nozzles S, the vertical projecting oil gas-generating chambers N, secured to the side walls of the furnace and having oil supply nozzles P P, substantally as and for the purpose described.

3. In combination with the generating cupola having coal-inlet H and gas-outlet I, the top mixing and fixing chamber, L, having perforatonsT, leading into the water-gas chamber, and the connecting oil-gas generators N, sub stantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

- 4. The generating cupola having the vertical projeeting tile M, provided with passages extending from the top of the cupola to the tuyere-passages, in conbnation with the in closed steam-pi pes a, having a plug extending through the top plate of the cupola and the protecting-caps 't for the purpose described.

5. The cornbination, with the water-gas generator, the steam-nozzles S, the top mix ngsuperheater M, the brancl pipe'R, having v valve c, the vertical stean-pipe a, with the inwardly and upwardly inclined and protruding nozzle S, having drip-pipef, and the sightcock h, substantially as and for the purpose ,hcrein described and shown.

8. The cupola gas-generator having coalchanber J, mixing-chanber L, having passages T, and gas-outlet I, in combinaton with the oil-gas-gencrating chanber N, provided with shelves N forminga zigzag passage, and oil-supply nozzles P, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testinony that we claim the foregoing as our invention we have signed our names, in presence of two witnesses, this 20th day of October, 1884.

REINHOLD BOEKLEN. JOHN D. AVERELL.

Witnesses:

FRANOIS B. AN'rz, H. O. 

